How Is Bile Duct Cancer Diagnosed? Tests and Screening Methods You Should Know

Introduction

Bile duct cancer, also known as cholangiocarcinoma, is a rare but serious condition that affects the ducts carrying bile from the liver to the small intestine. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. Specialists like Dr G Parthasarathy emphasize a structured diagnostic approach to identify the disease at an early stage.

1. Medical History and Physical Examination

The first step in diagnosis involves a detailed medical history and physical examination. Doctors check for symptoms such as jaundice, abdominal pain, itching, weight loss, and changes in stool or urine color. Physical signs like yellowing of the skin and eyes often raise suspicion for bile duct obstruction.

2. Blood Tests

Blood investigations help assess liver function and detect abnormalities. Liver function tests (LFTs) can show elevated bilirubin and enzyme levels. Tumor markers such as CA 19-9 may also be checked, although they are not definitive on their own. These tests help guide further evaluation.